Moussaka Beef Eggplant Layers

Featured in: Spicy Entrées

This traditional Greek dish features roasted eggplant slices layered with savory spiced ground beef. A rich tomato and red wine sauce complements the filling, while a smooth béchamel sauce enriched with nutmeg, egg, and Parmesan crowns the casserole. The assembly is baked until golden and bubbling, creating a satisfying mix of textures and flavors perfect for a comforting main course.

Updated on Thu, 13 Nov 2025 16:44:00 GMT
Golden-brown layers of homemade moussaka with savory beef and creamy béchamel, ready to serve. Save
Golden-brown layers of homemade moussaka with savory beef and creamy béchamel, ready to serve. | pepperplume.com

A classic Greek casserole featuring layers of tender eggplant, savory spiced beef, and creamy béchamel sauce, baked to golden perfection.

I first tried homemade moussaka during a holiday with friends in Athens. The aroma of cinnamon and roasting eggplant filled the kitchen and made everyone eagerly anticipate dinner.

Ingredients

  • Eggplants: 2 large, sliced into 1/2-inch rounds
  • Onion: 1 large, finely chopped
  • Garlic: 2 cloves, minced
  • Fresh parsley: 2 tablespoons, chopped
  • Ground beef: 500 g (1.1 lbs)
  • Ground cinnamon: 1 teaspoon
  • Ground allspice: 1/2 teaspoon
  • Dried oregano: 1 teaspoon
  • Black pepper: 1/2 teaspoon, ground
  • Salt: 1 teaspoon, divided
  • Canned diced tomatoes: 400 g (14 oz)
  • Tomato paste: 2 tablespoons
  • Dry red wine: 120 ml (1/2 cup)
  • Olive oil: 2 tablespoons (plus extra for brushing eggplant)
  • Unsalted butter: 60 g (1/4 cup)
  • All-purpose flour: 60 g (1/2 cup)
  • Whole milk: 600 ml (2 1/2 cups), warmed
  • Nutmeg: 1/4 teaspoon, ground
  • Egg: 1 large, lightly beaten
  • Parmesan cheese: 40 g (1/2 cup), grated
  • Parmesan cheese (for topping): 40 g (1/2 cup), grated

Instructions

Prepare Oven & Eggplant:
Preheat oven to 200°C (400°F). Line two baking sheets with parchment paper. Arrange eggplant slices on the sheets. Brush both sides with olive oil and sprinkle with 1/2 teaspoon salt. Roast for 20–25 minutes, turning halfway, until golden and tender. Set aside.
Cook Meat Mixture:
Heat 2 tablespoons olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add onion and cook until soft, about 5 minutes. Stir in garlic and parsley. Sauté for 1 minute. Add ground beef, breaking it up with a spoon. Cook until browned, about 7 minutes. Stir in cinnamon, allspice, oregano, black pepper, and remaining 1/2 teaspoon salt. Cook for 1 minute.
Tomato Sauce:
Add tomato paste, diced tomatoes, and red wine. Simmer uncovered for 15–20 minutes, stirring occasionally, until thickened. Season to taste and set aside.
Make Béchamel Sauce:
Melt butter in a saucepan over medium heat. Whisk in flour and cook 2 minutes, stirring constantly. Gradually whisk in warm milk and bring to a gentle boil, stirring until thick and smooth, about 5 minutes. Remove from heat. Stir in nutmeg, then cool for 2 minutes. Whisk in egg and Parmesan quickly.
Assemble:
Lower oven temperature to 180°C (350°F). Layer half the eggplant in a 22x30 cm (9x13-inch) baking dish. Top with all the beef mixture, then the rest of the eggplant. Pour béchamel evenly on top and sprinkle with Parmesan.
Bake:
Bake for 40–45 minutes, until golden and bubbling. Rest 15 minutes before slicing and serving.
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| pepperplume.com

This is the dish my family requests for special Sunday dinners. Everyone gathers around the table for that first irresistible slice.

Serving Suggestions

Pair moussaka with a crisp Greek salad and a side of crusty bread for a classic meal.

Variations

Use ground lamb or a mix of beef and lamb for a deeper flavor profile. Gluten-free flour works well in the béchamel if needed.

Storage & Reheating

Moussaka can be assembled ahead and baked later. Leftovers store well in the refrigerator for up to 3 days and reheat beautifully.

A warm, comforting dish of moussaka, showcasing tender eggplant and flavorful ground beef inside. Save
A warm, comforting dish of moussaka, showcasing tender eggplant and flavorful ground beef inside. | pepperplume.com

Enjoy every warm bite of this comforting casserole. Sharing it with loved ones always makes it even better.

Recipe FAQ

What type of meat is best for this dish?

Ground beef is traditional, but ground lamb or a mix of both can add richer flavor.

How do you prepare the eggplant for the layers?

Slice the eggplant into rounds, brush with olive oil and salt, then roast until golden and tender.

What spices add the signature flavor?

Cinnamon, allspice, oregano, black pepper, and salt create a warm and aromatic profile.

How is the béchamel sauce made creamy and flavorful?

Butter and flour form the roux, combined with warm milk, nutmeg, beaten egg, and grated Parmesan cheese for richness.

Can this dish be prepared ahead of time?

Yes, layers can be assembled in advance and baked later for convenience.

What dishes pair well alongside?

A crisp Greek salad and crusty bread complement the rich layers perfectly.

Moussaka Beef Eggplant Layers

Tender eggplant and spiced beef layers topped with creamy béchamel and Parmesan cheese.

Prep duration
35 min
Cook duration
75 min
Complete duration
110 min
Created by Isabella Flores


Complexity Medium

Heritage Greek

Output 6 Portions

Diet considerations None specified

Components

Vegetables

01 2 large eggplants, sliced into 1/2-inch rounds
02 1 large onion, finely chopped
03 2 cloves garlic, minced
04 2 tablespoons fresh parsley, chopped

Meat

01 1.1 lbs ground beef

Spices & Seasonings

01 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
02 1/2 teaspoon ground allspice
03 1 teaspoon dried oregano
04 1/2 teaspoon ground black pepper
05 1 teaspoon salt, divided

Tomato Sauce

01 14 oz canned diced tomatoes
02 2 tablespoons tomato paste
03 1/2 cup dry red wine
04 2 tablespoons olive oil, plus extra for brushing eggplant

Béchamel Sauce

01 1/4 cup unsalted butter
02 1/2 cup all-purpose flour
03 2 1/2 cups whole milk, warmed
04 1/4 teaspoon ground nutmeg
05 1 large egg, lightly beaten
06 1/2 cup grated Parmesan cheese

For Assembly

01 1/2 cup grated Parmesan cheese for topping

Directions

Phase 01

Preheat oven and prepare eggplant: Set oven to 400°F. Line two baking sheets with parchment paper. Arrange eggplant slices on sheets, brush both sides with olive oil, sprinkle with half teaspoon salt. Roast for 20 to 25 minutes, turning once until golden and tender. Set aside.

Phase 02

Sauté aromatics: Heat 2 tablespoons olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add onion and cook until softened, about 5 minutes. Stir in garlic and parsley, cooking for 1 minute until fragrant.

Phase 03

Cook beef with spices: Add ground beef to skillet, breaking apart with a spoon. Cook until browned, approximately 7 minutes. Incorporate cinnamon, allspice, oregano, black pepper, and remaining half teaspoon salt; cook for 1 more minute.

Phase 04

Simmer tomato sauce: Stir in tomato paste, diced tomatoes, and red wine. Simmer uncovered for 15 to 20 minutes, stirring occasionally, until thickened. Adjust seasoning as needed, then remove from heat.

Phase 05

Prepare béchamel sauce: Melt butter in a saucepan over medium heat. Whisk in flour, cooking for 2 minutes continuously. Gradually whisk in warm milk and bring to a gentle boil, stirring until smooth and thickened, about 5 minutes. Remove from heat, stir in nutmeg, then let cool for 2 minutes. Quickly whisk in beaten egg and Parmesan cheese.

Phase 06

Lower oven temperature: Reduce oven heat to 350°F before assembling.

Phase 07

Assemble layers: In a 9x13-inch baking dish, spread half the roasted eggplant slices evenly. Spread the beef mixture over the eggplant, then layer remaining eggplant on top. Pour béchamel sauce evenly over the top and sprinkle with Parmesan cheese.

Phase 08

Bake and rest: Bake assembled dish for 40 to 45 minutes until golden and bubbling. Remove from oven and let rest for 15 minutes before slicing and serving.

Necessary tools

  • Large skillet
  • Saucepan
  • Baking sheets
  • 9x13-inch baking dish
  • Whisk
  • Chef's knife
  • Cutting board

Allergy details

Review each ingredient for potential allergens and seek professional health advice if you're uncertain.
  • Contains gluten (flour), dairy (milk, butter, Parmesan), and egg. May contain sulphites from wine.

Nutrient breakdown (per portion)

These values are estimates only and shouldn't replace professional medical guidance.
  • Energy: 450
  • Fats: 27 g
  • Carbohydrates: 26 g
  • Proteins: 27 g