Lebanese Kibbeh Spiced Meat

Featured in: Spicy Entrées

Lebanese kibbeh blends fine bulgur wheat with spiced ground beef or lamb, formed into delicate oval shapes. The filling combines sautéed onions, pine nuts, and aromatic spices, adding texture and warmth. Both frying and baking methods yield a crisp, golden crust, enhancing the tender inside. Traditionally enjoyed as a main dish or appetizer, it balances hearty flavors with a hint of cinnamon and allspice. Ideal served alongside tangy yogurt or tahini sauce, this Middle Eastern specialty offers rich taste and satisfying textures, bringing authentic culinary tradition to your table.

Updated on Sat, 27 Dec 2025 11:17:00 GMT
Golden-brown Lebanese Kibbeh, with a savory, spiced meat filling, ready to serve with yogurt. Save
Golden-brown Lebanese Kibbeh, with a savory, spiced meat filling, ready to serve with yogurt. | pepperplume.com

My first proper batch of kibbeh came together on a quiet Sunday morning when my neighbor stopped by with a container of bulgur and a story about learning to make it from her grandmother in Beirut. I'd never shaped one before, but watching her wet hands work the dough with such ease made it seem possible. Within an hour, we had golden croquettes cooling on paper towels, and she stayed for coffee just to see if I'd gotten it right. I had, mostly—and more importantly, I'd caught the bug for making them myself.

I made kibbeh for a small dinner party and watched my usually picky eater take two without asking what was in them first. By the end of the meal, someone asked for the recipe, and I realized I'd made something that felt both unfamiliar and instantly welcoming to people who'd never tried it. That's when I knew this dish had staying power in my kitchen.

Ingredients

  • Fine bulgur wheat (1 cup): The foundation that holds everything together—rinse it first or it'll taste dusty, and don't skip letting it soften or you'll fight the dough the whole time.
  • Lean ground beef or lamb (500g for dough, 250g for filling): Lamb gives you earthier flavor, but beef is milder and just as good; either way, fresh is worth the trip to a proper butcher.
  • Onions, finely chopped (1 small each for dough and filling): These dissolve into the dough and filling, adding sweetness that balances the spices beautifully.
  • Pine nuts (1/2 cup): They toast while you cook the filling and add a richness that feels almost buttery; don't skip them or you lose a whole layer of texture.
  • Ground allspice and cinnamon (1 tsp and 1/2 tsp for dough, 1/2 tsp and 1/4 tsp for filling): These warm spices are what make kibbeh taste like itself; measure them properly or the whole dish tastes off.
  • Salt, black pepper, olive oil: The olive oil in the filling adds richness, while salt and pepper are your safety net—taste as you go and adjust.
  • Vegetable oil for frying or olive oil for brushing: Choose your method early; frying gets you that deep golden crust, baking gives you a lighter result that still satisfies.
  • Cold water (2 tbsp): Added slowly to the dough until it holds together; too much makes it sticky, too little makes it crumbly.

Instructions

Prepare the bulgur foundation:
Rinse the bulgur in cold water until the water runs mostly clear, then drain it well and let it sit undisturbed for 10 minutes—it'll soften just enough to work with but stay structured.
Build your dough:
Combine the softened bulgur with ground meat, onion, and all the spices in a large bowl, then knead it like you're making bread, adding cold water a little at a time until it becomes smooth and holds together without crumbling. Cover it and let it chill while you make the filling.
Create the filling:
Warm olive oil in a skillet over medium heat and soften the onions for about 3 minutes—they should be translucent and sweet smelling. Add the ground meat, breaking it into small pieces as it browns, then stir in the pine nuts and spices and let everything toast together for another 3 to 4 minutes until the pine nuts turn golden and smell fragrant.
Shape with wet hands:
Wet your hands with cold water to keep the dough from sticking, then take a golf ball-sized piece and flatten it in your palm into a thin oval shell. Spoon 1 to 2 teaspoons of filling into the center, then pinch the edges together and shape it into a torpedo or football—the seal matters so filling doesn't escape during cooking.
Choose your cooking method:
For frying, heat vegetable oil to 180°C (350°F) and work in batches so you don't crowd the pan, cooking each kibbeh for 4 to 5 minutes until deep golden brown, then drain on paper towels. For baking, arrange them on a parchment-lined sheet, brush with olive oil, and bake at 200°C (390°F) for 25 to 30 minutes, turning halfway through for even browning.
Crispy fried Lebanese Kibbeh, showcasing its perfectly sealed shape and delicious, crunchy crust. Save
Crispy fried Lebanese Kibbeh, showcasing its perfectly sealed shape and delicious, crunchy crust. | pepperplume.com

I remember biting into one fresh from the oil, that crispy shell giving way to warm spiced meat and those golden pine nuts, and thinking that's where the magic lives—in that one moment before it cools, when everything is exactly right. That's the version I chase every time I make them.

Why Frying Versus Baking Matters

Fried kibbeh has a shattered, paper-thin crust that shatters between your teeth and stays crispy even as it cools, while baked ones are gentler and less heavy but still deeply satisfying. I fry them when I want to feel indulgent and bake them when I'm feeding a crowd and want something that doesn't require careful oil temperature management. Both are authentic; it's really about what you're in the mood for and how much splatter you want on your stovetop.

Building Flavor Beyond the Basics

The spices in kibbeh—allspice, cinnamon, and black pepper—create a warm, almost sweet backbone that tastes completely different from Italian or Middle American food. Some cooks add a tiny pinch of nutmeg or ground coriander to their version, and while I keep mine traditional, understanding that these spices are doing most of the heavy lifting helps you respect their proportions. Toast them in a dry skillet for 30 seconds before measuring if you want to wake up their flavor even more.

Serving and Keeping Them Perfect

Kibbeh tastes best fresh from the pan when everything is still warm and the outside is crisp, but they hold up well at room temperature for a few hours and can be gently reheated in a 150°C oven for about 10 minutes if you need to. Serve them with thick, cooling yogurt or tahini sauce, alongside a bright salad with tomatoes and cucumber, and watch people immediately ask for more.

  • You can freeze shaped kibbeh for up to 3 months before cooking, which means you can make a big batch on a quiet Sunday and pull them out whenever you want something impressive with minimal effort.
  • If you go vegetarian, cooked lentils mixed with sautéed mushrooms and the same spices create a filling that's equally satisfying and honestly might surprise you with how good it is.
  • Leftover filling (if you have any) makes a wonderful base for stuffed tomatoes or mixed into rice for a quick dinner.
Close-up of baked Lebanese Kibbeh, revealing the flavorful meat and bulgur dough's texture. Save
Close-up of baked Lebanese Kibbeh, revealing the flavorful meat and bulgur dough's texture. | pepperplume.com

Every time I make kibbeh, I'm grateful for that Sunday morning when my neighbor showed me that shaping them isn't mysterious, just practice and wet hands. Now it's the dish I turn to when I want to feel connected to something bigger than Tuesday night dinner.

Recipe FAQ

What type of meat works best for Lebanese kibbeh?

Lean ground beef or lamb provides a balanced flavor and texture ideal for kibbeh, complementing the bulgur and spices.

Can kibbeh be baked instead of fried?

Yes, brushing kibbeh with olive oil and baking yields a crisp exterior with less oil absorption while maintaining rich flavors.

How do pine nuts enhance the filling?

Pine nuts add a delicate crunch and nutty richness that contrasts with the savory meat and spices in the filling.

Is bulgur wheat essential in the dough?

Bulgur wheat provides structure and a slightly chewy texture, essential for forming the contrasting shell around the filling.

What spices create the signature kibbeh flavor?

Ground allspice, cinnamon, salt, and black pepper combine to produce the warm, aromatic profile characteristic of traditional kibbeh.

Lebanese Kibbeh Spiced Meat

Spiced ground meat with bulgur, shaped and cooked to a crisp golden finish using frying or baking techniques.

Prep duration
40 min
Cook duration
30 min
Complete duration
70 min
Created by Isabella Flores


Complexity Medium

Heritage Lebanese

Output 6 Portions

Diet considerations No dairy

Components

Kibbeh Dough

01 1 cup fine bulgur wheat
02 1.1 lbs lean ground beef or lamb
03 1 small onion, finely chopped
04 1 teaspoon salt
05 1 teaspoon ground allspice
06 ½ teaspoon ground cinnamon
07 ½ teaspoon black pepper
08 2 tablespoons cold water, as needed

Filling

01 9 oz ground beef or lamb
02 1 small onion, finely chopped
03 ½ cup pine nuts
04 1 tablespoon olive oil
05 ½ teaspoon ground allspice
06 ¼ teaspoon ground cinnamon
07 ½ teaspoon salt
08 ¼ teaspoon black pepper

For Frying or Baking

01 About 2 cups vegetable oil for frying
02 Olive oil for brushing (if baking)

Directions

Phase 01

Soften bulgur: Rinse the bulgur under cold water, drain thoroughly, and let it sit for 10 minutes until softened.

Phase 02

Prepare kibbeh dough: In a large bowl, combine the softened bulgur, ground meat, chopped onion, salt, allspice, cinnamon, and black pepper. Knead the mixture, adding cold water gradually to create a smooth, cohesive dough. Cover and refrigerate during filling preparation.

Phase 03

Cook filling: Heat olive oil in a skillet over medium heat. Sauté the onions until translucent, about 3 minutes. Add ground meat, cooking until browned and crumbly. Stir in pine nuts, allspice, cinnamon, salt, and pepper; cook for an additional 3 to 4 minutes until pine nuts are golden. Remove from heat and allow to cool slightly.

Phase 04

Shape kibbeh: With wet hands, mould a golf ball-sized portion of dough into a thin oval shell. Place 1 to 2 teaspoons of filling in the center. Carefully pinch edges to seal and shape each into a torpedo or football form. Repeat with remaining dough and filling.

Phase 05

Fry kibbeh: Heat vegetable oil in a deep pan to 350°F (180°C). Fry kibbeh in batches for 4 to 5 minutes until deep golden brown. Drain excess oil on paper towels.

Phase 06

Alternatively bake kibbeh: Preheat oven to 390°F (200°C). Arrange kibbeh on a parchment-lined baking sheet and brush with olive oil. Bake for 25 to 30 minutes, turning once midway, until crisp and golden.

Necessary tools

  • Mixing bowls
  • Skillet
  • Deep-frying pan or oven
  • Slotted spoon or spatula
  • Baking sheet (for baking option)

Allergy details

Review each ingredient for potential allergens and seek professional health advice if you're uncertain.
  • Contains gluten from bulgur wheat
  • Contains nuts (pine nuts)

Nutrient breakdown (per portion)

These values are estimates only and shouldn't replace professional medical guidance.
  • Energy: 380
  • Fats: 23 g
  • Carbohydrates: 21 g
  • Proteins: 21 g